The development of quantum batteries could lead to a revolution in energy storage. The bottom line is that the larger the battery, the faster it charges. This happens due to the principle of superabsorption, a quantum collective effect that allows the combined molecules to absorb light more efficiently than if each molecule acted separately.
To confirm this theory, scientists at the University of Adelaide in Australia conducted a series of experiments. They created a test device by placing an active layer of light-absorbing molecules in a micro-cavity between two mirrors. For the development of mirrors, the method of alternating layers of dielectric metals was used. This made it possible to reflect much more light than in the case of a conventional mirror.
To measure how light-absorbing molecules store energy and how quickly the entire device charges, the testers used ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. During the experiment, it was recorded that with an increase in the size of the microcavity and the number of molecules, the charging time decreased.
This test could pave the way for the development of the first quantum batteries, paving the way for fast-charging electric vehicles or other powered devices.
The creation of a full-fledged quantum battery is still far away. Scientists will have to figure out how the identified effect can be integrated with other ways of storing and transferring energy, so that the development becomes practically useful. The researchers estimate that it will take them about 3-5 years to create a prototype.